starting out in the east on the banks of the yalu river in liaoning province, the wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to jiayuguan in the gobi desert, thus known as the ten thousand li wall in china. the wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the yanshan and yinshan mountain chains through five provinces--liaoning, hebei, shanxi, shaanxi, and gansu--and two autonomous regions--ningxia and inner mongolia, binding the northern china together.

historical records trace the construction of the origin of the wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 b.c. during the reign of king cheng of the states of chu. its construction continued throughout the warring states period in the fifth century b.c. when ducal states yan, zhao, wei, and qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the yinshan and yanshan mountain ranges. walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. later in 221 b.c., when qin conquered the other states and unified china, emperor qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. as a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the yinshan range in the han dynasty(206 bc--1644 bc.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. in the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the wall. the most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the ming dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the ming dynasty wall that visitors see today.

the great wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with shanxi province as the dividing line. the west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. in the eastern part, the core of the wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. the most imposing and best preserved sections of the great wall are at badaling and mutianyu, not far from beijing and both are open to visitors.

the wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. there are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. the top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. the highest watch-tower at badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven". the view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. the wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze.

a signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. this consisted of beacon towers on the wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the wall. at the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night. emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications.

there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing.

known as "tian xia di yi guan" (the first pass under heaven), shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to the manchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911)

jiayuguan pass was not so much as the "strategic pass under the heaven" as an important communication center in chinese history. cleft between the snow-capped qilian mountains and the rolling mazong mountains, it was on the ancient silk road. zhang qian, the first envoy of emperor wu di of the western han dynasty (206 b.c-24 a.d), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. the gate-tower of jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. it has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. it has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. on each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each.

juyongguan, a gateway to ancient beijing from inner mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. the cavalrymen of genghis khan swept through it in the 13th century. at the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the cloud terrace, which was called the crossing-street dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the yuan daynasty(1206-1368). at the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient chinese carving. the gate jambs bear a multi-lingual buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in sanskrit, tibetan, mongolian, uigur, han chinese and the language of western xia. undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of buddhism and ancient languages.

as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: "historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site.

旅游的人作文篇2

每个人都有去过旅游对吗？那么去过的每个地方一定都很漂亮，好玩。回来之后都是快乐的心情对不？那么今天就由我来告诉大家我旅游的过程！

应该是暑假的时候吧，爸爸妈妈带我回了老家。我老家是湖南张家界，回了老家后我们一起去了天门山，那里可美了。我们一起游山玩水，我和妈妈照了个合影，我穿着土家族的衣服，妈妈也是。咔擦~照好了，呵呵，真漂亮。爸爸就没有照。接着我和爸爸妈妈去爬梯子，那梯子有1000层，天哇。这么多层，要到何时才能上去呢？我们从底层开始往上爬，我们从下午2点爬到傍晚5点，哦天哪，终于到顶层了，哇哇，好美丽哇！山洞里面五彩的颜色，太美了，还有许许多多的雾呢。我和爸爸妈妈买了水，拿着水走进山洞，实在是太了，太壮观了。天！我好像在做梦，我叫妈妈捏我一下，没有在做梦，太美了，如同仙境！

傍晚了，我和爸爸妈妈做索道下了山。妈呀，那山下好高，吓死我了，我都感觉我掉下去了……

到了地面我个爸爸妈妈做上的士回家了……

晚上，我躺在床上。回想着天门山那美丽壮观的风景，真的如同做梦……我真高兴！

旅游的人作文篇3

清明扫墓后，我和妈妈、舅妈漫步来到阿公家附近的蚂蟥坑地水库大坝下游，这里地景色十分美丽。它不像乡村地穷山偏苍那么就冷清，也不像出名的名胜古迹那样张扬！而是那样不比寻常地美。

走在大坝下面，望着蜿蜒在径道两旁地奇花异木，让你感到心旷神怡，漫步在幽幽地林荫之间，触摸着大自然那神奇的美，眼前，是灌木林丛枝繁叶茂地景象；耳旁，不知名地黑白相间地小鸟不时发出清脆的鸣叫声；脚下，百花争奇斗艳，你不让我，我不让你，在灌木丛中拥挤着，白的、黄的、紫的、红的、蓝的`、绿的，白如云；粉像霞；红似火；绿如翡翠；一般。黄像金子一样。蓝似晶石一样……一朵朵，一丛丛，一簇簇，让人们眼前豁然明亮。

林荫之中有条小溪，溪面清澈见底，悠闲的鱼儿在水中尽情嬉戏。小溪两旁种着不知名的开着秀丽的小黄花地植株，倒垂在溪边，婀娜多姿，比柳树更有一番情调。机灵的小鸟一会儿，扑闪着翅膀，一会儿，在席面上掠过，一会儿，又发出叽叽喳喳地鸣叫声，给春天增添了无限生机。碧蓝的江水拍打着岩石，溅起层层飞花翠玉的浪花。

不一会儿，夕阳恋恋不舍地下山了。它洒下了一束束光辉灿烂的霞光，把蔚蓝的天空和雪白的云朵衬托得红红的。我记得去年来的时候这里还是荒草丛生。想不到这次来有这么大的变化。桃花岛是一年比一年美丽呀！真希望桃花岛能闻名世界，享誉天下呀！

啊，这一幕生气勃勃地景象让千里迢迢赶来桃花地文人墨客情不自禁地赞赏起来。我爱美丽的桃花岛！

旅游的人作文篇4

我们校园里的每一个位置、每一个角落，都充满着美丽。尤其是一年四季的好景。

春天，树木抽出新的枝条；小小的笋芽儿从泥土里探出了头，好像在欣赏着校园的美景；地上的积雪融化了；校园里，百花争春，花儿们争先恐后地向春爷爷乞求开放呢！真是春色满园啊！

夏天，树木长得密密层层的，火辣辣的太阳照耀着大地，别提有多热呢！同学们每天都大汗淋漓，有时还会下起气势磅礴的.雷阵雨。

秋天，丹桂飘香，百叶凋零。树叶纷纷从大树妈妈的怀抱中飘落了下来，风吹过，落叶在空中飞舞，多美啊！小朋友在校操场上跳绳，不时地会从脚下拾起一片片枯黄的落叶，把它当做书签。

冬天，雪花纷纷扬扬

地从天空中落了下来，大雪松上积满了白雪，穿上了银装，地上的雪有厚有薄，又松又软，每天下课都会有同学来小操场上玩雪，雪花在空中翩翩飞舞，多美的景色啊！

我爱我们的校园，更爱校园里那一派生机勃勃的四季景象。

旅游的人作文篇5

travel is a very good means of broadening a person’s perspective. it makes you come into contact with different cultures meet people of different colors and go through peculiar rites and ceremonies. travelling much you will not only enrich your knowledge and experiences but also be aware of the vastneof nature. travel may also relieve person of boredom and gloom. travel brings you enjoyment and attraction. it gives you a pleasant experience which will disperse your boredom and make you forget whatever annoys you. travel broadens your mind and leaves you good memories. later you may go over these memories and enjoy your past experiences thus keeping a fresh and sunny mind. the field’s his study nature was his book. travelers can choose different modes of transportation which have advantages and disadvantages. airplanes are the fastest but also the most expensive. buses and trains are leexpensive but they soon make you feel cramped and uncomfortable. ships provide you with comfort unleyou get seasick. most people can afford traveling by bicycle which although slow can limber up your muscles and get you closer to nature.

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旅游的人作文优质5篇